# Network Topology

Network Topology

Network Topology is the physical and logical arrangement of devices and connections in a computer network. It describes how computers and networking devices are connected and how data flows between them. Network topology shows the structure or layout of a network.

## Types of Network Topology

* [ ] Bus Topology
* [ ] Ring Topology
* [ ] Star Topology
* [ ] Tree Topology
* [ ] Mesh Topology
* [ ] Hybrid Topology

## Bus Topology

All devices connect to a single central cable (backbone), allowing data to travel along it; simple and cheap but fails if the backbone breaks.

<figure><img src="/files/o3NnI048DGhuCSnYOBnm" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Ring Topology

Devices form a closed loop, each linked to two others; data travels unidirectionally, often using tokens to avoid collisions.

<figure><img src="/files/EJ9I3YS8Icrxva5YIYag" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Star Topology

Every device connects directly to a central hub or switch; easy to manage and isolate faults, common in modern LANs.

<figure><img src="/files/n5UYsc2Rkegqg7PZDoUh" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Tree Topology

Hierarchical structure like an upside-down tree, with a root node branching into stars; scalable for large networks.

<figure><img src="/files/r0mcV1L6BqFhd1p5LmCc" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Mesh Topology

Devices interconnect with multiple paths (full or partial); highly reliable with redundancy but expensive due to cabling.

<figure><img src="/files/I8ZG7O9rpSuVazvo4tw2" alt="" width="259"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Hybrid Topology

Combines two or more types (e.g., star-bus); flexible for complex needs but harder to configure.

<figure><img src="/files/Hyk2jBW7ZIxlvVehf2lm" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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