Topic List

• Basic Definition: Data, Information, Database, Database Management System, Database System

• Different types of Database: Relational Database, Non Relational Database, Object Oriented Database

• Basic Terms: Schema, Instance, Table/Relation/Entity Set, Column/Field/Attribute, Row/Record/Tuple/Entity, Value/Data, Data Type/Attribute Domain, Keys

• DBMS Architecture: 1-Tier Architecture, 2-Tier Architecture, 3-Tier Architecture

• Codd's 12 Rules for Relational DBMS

• Data Models: Entity-Relationship Model, Relational Model, Object Oriented Model

• Entity-Relationship (ER) Model

  • Entity and Entity Set: Strong Entity, Weak Entity

  • Attributes: Simple Attribute, Composite Attribute, Stored Attribute, Derived Attribute, Single-valued Attribute, Multi-valued Attribute, Key Attribute

  • Keys: Super Key, Candidate Key, Primary Key, Composite Key, Foreign Key, Secondary or Alternative key, Non-key Attributes, Non-prime Attributes

  • Relationships

    • Degree of Relationship: Unary (/Recursive) Relationship, Binary Relationship, Ternary Relationship, N-ary Relationship

    • Cardinality of Relationship: One to One, One to Many, Many to One, Many to Many

    • Strong Relationship, Weak Relationship

  • Enhanced ER Model: Generalization, Specialization, Aggregation

  • ER Model to Relational Model

• Functional Dependencies

  • Terms: Inference Rule, Axiom, Determinant, Dependent

  • Armstrong’s Axioms: Augmentation, Reflexivity, Transitivity, Decomposition/Projective, Union/Additive, Pseudo Transitive

  • Types: Trivial, Non Trivial, Multivalued, Transitive, Full, Partial

  • Find: Attribute Closure, Super Keys, Candidate Keys

• Normalization: First Normal Form (1NF), Second Normal Form (2NF), Third Normal Form (3NF), Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF), Fourth Normal Form (4NF), Fifth Normal Form (5NF)

• Denormalization

• Decomposition: Lossless Decomposition, Lossy Decomposition

• Relational Algebra

• Relational Calculus

• Constraints and Triggers

• Transaction Management

• Concurrency Control

• File Organization

• Indexing: Primary Index, Secondary Index, B+ Trees, Hash Tables

• Query Optimization

• Recovery

• Access Control and Security

• Structured Query Language

  • Data Definition Language (DDL): Create, Alter, Drop, Rename, Truncate

    • Alter: Database, Event, Function, Instance, Logfile Group, Procedure, Server, Table, Tablespace, View (Can not be Altered: Index, Spatial Reference System, Trigger)

    • Create: Database, Event, Function, Index, Logfile Group, Procedure, Server, Spatial Reference System, Table, Tablespace, Trigger, View

    • Drop: Database, Event, Function, Index, Logfile Group, Procedure, Server, Spatial Reference System, Table, Tablespace, Trigger, View

    • Rename: Table

    • Truncate: Table

  • Data Manipulation Language (DML): Insert, Update, Delete

  • Data Query Language (DQL): Select

  • Transaction Control Language (TCL): Start Transaction, Begin, Commit, Rollback, Savepoint, Lock Instance/Table, Unlock Instance/Table

  • Data Control Language (DCL): Grant, Revoke